Transmission mechanism.



B. H. ANIBAL.A

THANSIVHSSIGN-IVIECHANISM.A

APPLICAHON man JAN. 241. i915.

1 ,260,294. I Patented Mar. 26, 1918.

y. 2 SHEETS-SHEET l. V

B. H. ANIBAL.

TRANSMISSION MECHANISM. APPUCATIUN FILED 1AN.2|. 1916.

1,260,294. l Patented Mar. 26, 1918.

y 2 sETs-sHEzT 2. /07

Hwang y N-ITEDSTATEs yrAiiiiivi onirica.l i

:BENJAMIN n. ANIBAL, or DETROIT, MICIiIGAN, AssIGNO-R To CADILLAC MOTOR CAR COMPANY, or DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION or MICHIGAN. y

TRANSMISSION MECHANISM.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Application led January 21, 1916. SeiaINo. 73,356. 1

i To all 'whom it may Concern.'

Beit known that I, BENJAMINH. ANIBAL, a citizen of the United States, and resident This invention relates to motor vehicles, and particularly to transmission mechanisms .especially adapted `for use in such vehicles,` although this invention may be used in Ivarious other locations Where similar operating conditions are desired.`

In the usual construction embodied in the 1 15" modern motor car, equipped with a shaft` 4 drive, the motor` is adapted `to be connected with the live rear axle through a'single line of shafting having a bevel pinion adjacent 'to the rear axle, and this pinion is normally in `20 mesh with a bevel. ear arranged on the usual housing' for the di erential gear on vthe axle.

. This simple transmission system is termed a direct drive, and is, in fact, as direct a co`nnection as can be obtained between the motor and the Wheels, When the motor shaft is lonigitudinal of the vehicle, since the power is transferredto the axle through a single set of-two meshing gears having a proper ratio.

Patented Mar. 26, 1918.

the fol-lowing description', taken in 4connec-` tion vviththe accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, and in,

which Figure l is a diagrammatic plan View` of a duction gearbox vcombined multiple direct drive axle and re Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal rsection ofa change speed gear box embodying a preferred form of my invention;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary longitudinal sec-` l tion'through the upper part" of the control lever, illustrated in Fig, 2;

Fig 4f is a fragmentary'longitudinal ver.- tical section through the front end of the axle, illustrated in Fig. 1,"substantia1ly on the line 4144 thereof; l

'Fi 5 is a `fragmentary planhvievvlof a i shifting mechanism, illustrated in Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 isa transverse vertical section through the shifting mechanism, substan.`

tially onthe line 6-6 of Fig. 2; and

. Fig. 7 is a transverse sectionthrough the Fig; 2.

ygear box, substantially on .the line 7-7 fof f `89 Referring to the dravvings, 10 illustrates la transmission gearbox, in which" adriving shaftll is adapted to be mounted^i`n bearings 12 arrangedin the forward end 13,01 f the box. A gear 14 is shown as formed inte#` gral With the drive shaft, and` is in constant mesh with a gear 15 arranged on a shaft 16,` suitably mounted adjacent its' front and rear ends, in bearings 17 and 18, in the front and rear ends 13 and 19 ofthe gear box. A Apair as v it will be understood that in many cases it is desirable to use, "in addition to this direct connection between motor and axle, a reduction learingwhichvvill result in the axle be- I40 ing riven muchv slower than the motor With an increased torque. l This reduction gearing of gears 20 and 21, which may or'may not' 1 Vbe of the saine size, as will be hereinafter pointed ut, are alsofsuitably secured tothe countershaft 16. Athird, or driven 'shaft' 22, is supported at its forward end in a bearing 23,'. arranged in the interior ofthe shaft-11. Its rear end may be mounted in a y is generally placedbetvveenthe motor.. an the bevel pinions, above referred to; thereglfore, oneof the objects of this invention is to "lll` providea simple andfeiflcient'transmission fffcontrol mechanism,`.especially adapted for use in connection Withtransmissions, such as previously described., i Another object is to provide a single lever -`6D control mechanism for a transmission mechr 'ng achangespeed gearbox a multiple direct drive axle, Vsuchas sobtlilned through. pairs of bevel `gearsfl These. and other obiects. will appear from Abearing 24 arranged in the rear end 19 of the gear box. plurality of shiftable driving or gear elements 25 and 26A may be mounted on the fluted portion 27 ofthedriven shaft 22. `Element 25is provided with an external clutch 28, which is adapted to al-` vlternately mesh with the internal clutch teeth 29. formed integral'with the gear 14, or 105 with theinternal gear formed in the member 31,-vvhich is adapted to be securedto the gear 14,- as by bolts 3 By meshing the clutch` member 28. with ither of the internal clutch-members, a direct drive connection 1'10 BISy case, andis adaptedlto be shifted in a manner;

which will be more particularly described hereinafter, rearwardly so that the gears and 26 are connected together through the idler 34, when the gear element 26 is vin the position shown in Fig. 2. i

An intermediate, orpropeller shaft 36,

may be connected at its forward end through universal joint 37, of any well known form,

to the rear end 38 of the driven-shaft, and

may have its rear end connected through a similar universal joint 39 tothe fluted tail shaft 40, which may be suitably mounted in the forwardly extending houslng 41 ofthe rear' axle. A clutch member 42 Vmay be shiftably mounted on the tail shaft 40, and provided with internal teeth 43, which may be alternately brought into mesh Vwith-the external teeth 44 or 45, formed or arrangz'ad on the front end of the vpinion shaftsl 46 and 47, respectively. pair of driving .pinion's 48 a-,nd 49 may be arranged onY the ends of l these pinion shafts,' as' sl1own in dotted lines in Fig.1, and adapted to mesh with simillarly shown gears 50 and'51, arranged on the differential housing 52 of the rear axle drijving'sections o1" driven shafts 53.-

vArranged over an opening 54, formed in the upper-part ofthe gear Case 10 is a cover 55, provided 'with a pedestal 56.v Suitably arranged in the end walls 57 and 58 of the cover are four longitudinally shiftable supiorting` rods 5 9, 60, 61 and 62, respectively' i' leeved on the rod 59,-and secured thereto, as by a pin 63, is a'shifting member 64 having a downwardly extending'for'k 65 embracing the collar-6.6 on vthe shitingmember 26. The' member 64 is also providedwith a pair of'Y spaced lugs 67. for shiftingthe same as will be moreV particular] pointed out hereinafter. Asimilar shi ting member 68- is mounted on the shaft andis provided with adownW-ardl extending 'fork 69, which is adapted to'em race-the collar 70 of the shifting men'iberA 25. The shifting member '68 is also provided with laterally extending lugs 71. Another,shiftingmember72, provided with upwardly extending lugs 73 is fixed on the rod 62. Anothershifting inember 74 is also fixed on the rod 62, as by a .pin '(5, and is provided withv downwardly extending lugs 76,between which is arranged an upwardly extending ball portion 77 on a -bell .crank 78, which is pivoted, as at 79', to

'the Side wall of the-.case 10. Its downwardly extending arm 79` is provided with a fork 80,

which v.is adapted to 'embrace acollar 81 formed onan idlershifting element 82.

The rod 61 is `formed intermediate its ends with a'slotted portion 83, and is adapted to.

a collar 86 `formed on the shifting element. 42` .ItYV .willhbe understood. thatwsuitable.A

spring plungers, such as illustrated at 87 and 88, may be provided for preventing movement of the various Shifting rods 59,

60, 61 and 62. Mounted in the pedestal 56 is a single 'operating lever 89, provided .with a ball portion 90, a downwardl extending arm 91, and an upwardly extending arm '92, providedat its end with a handle ball mem- Y ber 93. The pedestal- 56 is provided with an inwardly extending flange 94,.in which, may he arranged a'socket-member 95 for supporting 'the ball portion90 of the lever. A socket member 96. is adapted to'be secured, as by means of threads 97, to the neck 98 of the pedestal, Felt'rin Y 99 and 1 00, and a dust cap '101 are hel means of nuts 102 and 103', forming an oil in position, as by tight cover, vwhile at the Same time permite ting the' shifting lever to lbe swung in all directions. p

It will be notedthat the .shiftin lever 9 1 drilled out throughout its lengt for the insertion'of a rod 104, 'to the lower end o f which is secured a locking latch .105, which 4is adapted to abut against the lug 10.6, whenl the lever is in a substantially' vertical position.' The latch is vheld )in this position` by means of a spring 107 arranged in the ball handle 93, and the upper end'of the rod 104 is provided with a lower end of the shifting arm 91 is formed re ease button 108. The

with a finger 109, which is adapted toshift Having` thusjdeseribedthe general construction and arrangement of the parts involved, it will be understood, that assuming the various shifting elements to bein the position shown in'Figs. 2 and 4, which-are in their respective neutral positions; the

shifting lever may be swung-to pick up any one of tlie shifting members 64, 68, or 72.` I

vthe shiftinglev'er is left'in its substantial?. V

vertical position, its upper end may befshifted forwardly without moving an of .the

gears. into mesh; on the other han it .may e 'not b shiftedrearwardly without depressing the release buttoni108.l I f, however, this button isreleased, and the upper art of the iso lever s'thrown rearwardly, it vv' 1 simultatively.

neouslycause the rod 61 and its shifting elenient 42 to be thrown forwardly and the rod 84-a1Td its shifting element 82 to be thrown rearwardly, thi/1s bringing `the gears `2G and 33 y,into mesh v"tl'irough the idler 34 and forming reverse' gear drive connections throughthe outer inion and gear 49 and 51, respec- I ow, assuming the parts to be .brought back to their 'respective neutral positions; vif the upperend of theV shiftingl levei` is thrown tow-ard the left side' of the vehicle, its finger 110 will be thrown between the lugs 67 ofthe shifting member 6.4, and if the upper end of the member is then "thrown rmirwardly,V the gear 33 will' be thrown forwardly into mesh with` the gear 20, which may provide .a total reduction from the driving shaft 11 to the drivenj shaft 38 of' about three to one.I

When the shifting lever is thrown in the position just described, it will, at thesame time carry the shift element 42 on the rear aXle forwardly,

soV

bringing the teeth 43 and 44 into mesh, thus forming a drive from the drivenV member 38 to the r'c'ar'axle, through the low direct drive set, comprising pinion 48 and gear '5.0, which may have a ratio of about fveto one, giving a total reduction of'about fifteen to one from driving shaft to the aXle proper. If theshifting leverlis then thrown in an opposite direction, assiiininfgzgthe` reduction between gears 33 and 2l to be the same asthat between 33 and` 20,5and the direct' drive gears 49 andv 51 to provide a 4re- 35.

. between the motorldrivingfshaft '11 and the axle proper 53, of nine to one is obtainedg' duction of'three to one, a total reduction of course a greater reduction between 'the gears33and 21 than between gears33 and 20 may be provided, if desired.

Now, if the Shifting iever isbmughtbaei to "neutral position, and its upper .end is thrown-to the right -side of the vehicle, the finger 110 at its lower end will pick up theV shifting vmember 68 on` thev rod 60, and `by then throwing the upper end of the shifting lever' rearwardly', the shifting element 42 on the rear axle is thrown forwardly,

while the shifting element 25 is also thrown in hei'same direction, resultin in adirect `dri `e Vconnection through the 11, elutch' teeth 28 and 29, driven shaft 38,

riving shaft intermediate shaft 36, clutch teeth 43 and`44,

` pinion vvshaft 4Ggand inner directdri'ije set 48 and 50 vto the axle 53, the totalreduction being onlyriveto one;l onthe other hand,fif the upper end of the shifting lever is thrown forwardly, the drivingfand rdriven shaft will also be connected directly and the-shifting element 42 will "be thrown frearwaidly,

bringing thejteetli 43 and` 45 -iiito mesh, so

,thatlthe driveis through'the-outer direct drive set 49-and 51, thus giving 4a totalrev duction ofonly three to one. While I have show-nv and described in dethem through said reduction geariii by driving'said sets lof gears and pini ajreduced speed, 'and a lever adz shiftboth of said elements by one moiieifn enf` member, a

taill a separate transmission gear box and axle," it will be understood that these two units maybe combined, if desired, and while i l; have described what I deem "to be a preferred embodiment, Ait will, of course, be clearly understood that various modifications and changes inthe Vconstruction and operation of the various devices maybe made, by one skilled inthe art, without departing from the spiritv and scopel thereof.

Having thus described my inventiomwhat I claim and desireto secure by Letters. Pat-,

ent is:

1. Ina transmission meclianisnn` the com-y bination with a plurality of shiftable change speed elements, a pair of which are adapted to be selectively shifted, yand another, of

which is adapted to be 'shiftedwithgeach shift movement of `one of the vother.offsyaid elements.

'simultaneously shifting said Aelements.`

4. In a transmission mechanism, the coni-A fbination with agear set, comprising `a plurality of independent shiftable chan e speed som-l.

sro

elements, and an axle comprisinor a s iftable c element `for obtaining a pluralityv of "direct connections, of common means for snnul` taneously shifting one of independent said elements with said latter element.

5. In a` transmissionmechanism, tlie'com` bina'tionA-with a gear set, comprising asliift-` able change speed element, and an; axle xcomprising a shiftable element for obtaining a plurality of direct connections, of means comprising a: singlelever for shifting said elements by the same movement.

6. In a transmissioninechanism, -the combina'tion of a di'iving" nieiiibei, a driven inembei",`a plurality of gears thereon,` pin# ions adapted to inesliwith said gears, means able element for eoniiectii'ig` said driving and driven members directly thi-ou h` angv offsaid sets of gears andpinions, or col t ng 7. -In a `transmission mechanism, thecombination of a driving member, a driven plurality of gears thereon, pint ions adapte to mesh with said gears, means 'comprising reduction `gcaring provided 'with a shiftable element and'another shiftcomprising reduction gearing, provided with y a shiftable element. and another shiftable element for connecting said driving and d iven members directly throughany of said set of gears and pinioiis, or for connecting .them` through said reduction gearing, thereby driving said-sets of'4 gears. and pinions at a reduced speed, and means for simultaneously shifting said elements.

8, In atransmissionfmechanism,the com- Y al binationmoi. a... driving. .aire mher,n a ..driven,. member, :1 plurality of gearsthereon, pinions adapted to mesh with said gears,vmeans comprising reduction gearing, .provided `with a shiftable element and another shiftable element for connecting said driving and driven members directly through any of said sets of gears and pinions, or for conf necting them through said reduction gear# ing, thereby driving said sets of gears and pinions at a reduced speed, and means comprising a singlelever for shifting said elevmentsby one movement. 1

'9. In a .transmission mechanism, the comb iiiation lof a driving-member, a driven member,i gearsjthereon, pinions engaging reduceach ofv said gears, means including tion gearing, and ya .pluralityfof shifting gear elements for directly oonnectingsaid saidA gears selectivelyor for indirectly connecting said .members through any of said gears selectively and reduction'gearing, and

" 10. In a transmission mechanism,.the.com

common means for simultaneously shifting said elements.

binati'on of a driving member, two driven i gears, pinions engaging each of said gears,

means Aincludingchange speed gearing and 'a plurality of shifting gear `elements for connectin either of the pinions directly, or

for impel ing said ljpinions selectively lfrom cludingrchange tablegear elements forconv the driving-member at lower relative speeds, and common means `for simultaneously shiftin -said elements. l

. 11. n a transmssion mechanism, the com, bination of a driving member, two driven gears, a pinion engaging each of' saidgears,

each of said `inion andv gear combinations havingfa difierentf ratio, means including change speed gearing and a plurality. ,of shifting geareleinents for lconnectingeither .of the pinions directly, or for impelling said `pinions selectively from the driving member at lower relative speeds, and common means for simultaneously shifting said elements. Y y 12. In a transmission mechanism, the combination of a driving member, 'two bevel gears of-different diameters, a `pinion en-v gaging e'ach of saidgears, and means inspeed gearing and a plurality` of shi rlv-ing and driven members through any ofnecting` either of the pinions directly,.oi' for impelling said pnions selectively from the driving member at lower relative' speeds, vand interconnected means for simultaneously shifting said elements.

13. In a transmission mechanism, the combination of a driving member, two bevel gears of different diameters, a pinion .en-

`gagingeach of said gears, and means inrality. of. shiftablet gearwelements .fon con.- iiecting either of the pinions directly, or for im-pelling said pinions selectively from the Vdriving member at' lower relative speeds,

driving member at. lower relative speeds,V

and means for simultaneouslyV shifting said member, a plurality -of gears thereon, a plurality of inions adapted to mesh with said gears, re uction gearing Acomprising a'plulrality of shiftable gear.l change elements, an lintermediate member, a s hiftable velement cluding `changey speed gearing 'and va plu'--v d 15. In a transmission mechanism, the combination with a driving member, a driven vadapted to connect said intermediate mem- Y ber selectively with either. ofsaid pinions,

and interconnected means for shifting said latterelement and either of said former elements wherebysaid driven member may be driven from said driving member selectivelv through single pairs 'of .gears or through reduction gearing between said driving member and said intermediate member.

` 16. In a transmission mechanism, thecombination with a driving shaft, an intermedi-- late shaft, a countershaft, said countershaft being adapted to be constantly driven from' one of said shafts, and means comprising a shiftable gear. changeA elementk for selectively connecting said c ountershaft with said other shaft by reduction gearing, or

. for directl `connecting Asaid driving and driven sha gears on said axle shaft, pinions 1n mesh with said gears, connections between said axle shatand said intermediate shaft comprisin ashiftable element, adapted to se ctive y driver said pinions, and intercom' nected means for shifting said'latter elementand said'former element; l 1 In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature.

y BENJAMIN H.

lll

, of an axle-shaft, ahpair-of 

